Dog life jackets and water safety: how to choose and use one

Why a life jacket helps

Not every dog is a natural swimmer, and even strong swimmers tire or get caught in currents. The AKC strongly recommends a life jacket for swimming or boating, whatever your dog's swimming ability. VCA Hospitals adds that stocky, short-legged breeds such as bulldogs and pugs will always need a life jacket in the water.

Choosing and fitting one

The AKC says a jacket should be snug around the neck and secure without restricting movement, and warns that a loose jacket can trap a dog's front leg. Check the brand's size chart against your dog's measurements, and ask the seller if a listing gives no weight or chest chart.

• Measure your dog's chest and neck and compare them with the size chart.
• Check that you can fit your fingers under the straps, but that the jacket does not ride up.
• Look for adjustable straps and a top handle you can grip.
• Inspect the jacket before every outing, because a worn jacket can be dangerous, according to the AKC.

Introduce water gently

The AKC suggests starting in calm, warm water with a gently sloping bank and an easy exit, using treats and toys to encourage your dog. Never force a dog into the water. Swimming is strenuous, so give breaks and bring fresh water, since dogs should not drink from lakes, rivers or the sea.

Supervision, health and water quality

Both the AKC and VCA Hospitals say not to leave a dog unattended in the water. VCA advises asking your vet before swimming if your dog has arthritis, heart disease or epilepsy, avoiding strong currents, big waves and very cold water, keeping the leptospirosis vaccine up to date and rinsing your dog after swimming to remove chlorine, salt or debris.